(Reviewed 2013 July 10). Available online at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/207631-overview. 1. The t(14;19)(q32;q13) involving the IGH@ and BCL3 loci is an infrequent cytogenetic abnormality detected in B-cell malignancies. This technique helps in prognostication and is also used to differentiate between neoplastic and reactive expansions of lymphocytes. Flow lymphoma is used in the case of lymphoid neoplasms or when a lymphoid origin is suspected on the basis of cell morphology after staining. Accessed April 2011. The data of CLONEPnh archive show that the analysis carried out were: 13 in 2010, 16 in 2011, 28 in 2012 and 12 in first six months of 2013 and new PNH clones detected were 1, 0, 1 and 1 respectively. Accessed December 2014. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Significant associations between immunophenotypic and karyotypic features were observed both within individual FAB subgroups and independently from morphological criteria. If . Please note that medical information found
The interpretation will be based on markers tested in increments of 2 to 8, 9 to 15, or 16 and greater. Usually, 20 mL of pleural or peritoneal fluid is sufficient. No abnormalities were detected for the other phenotypic markers analyzed, including 7.1 ( Table 2 ). None of the tested antigens were linked to treatment outcome. In our case report, a middle-aged male . Flow cytometric immunophenotyping performed on this bone marrow specimen demonstrated a small polytypic plasma cell population with no immunophenotypic abnormalities except the anticipated CD38 negativity due to the effect of daratumumab. There is a dim Kappa expression and dim CD20 expression. Am J Blood Res. Trisomy 12 is the second most frequent aberration detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization at the time of diagnosis (10-25%), and it confers an intermediate prognostic risk, with a median time to . Available online at https://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content/111/8/3941.full. This test is appropriate for hematopoietic specimens only. Maecker, H. et. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PDF available for download at https://jama.ama-assn.org/content/301/4/452.full.pdf. Furthermore, in difficult cases or those with limited material or poor histology, immunophenotypic analysis may be the only means of making a definitive diagnosis. -Confirmatory cytochemical stains as needed. (2012 February 17). Case presentation We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with gastric primary myeloid sarcoma with monocytic differentiatio. (Reviewed 2010 December). Additional FISH or molecular testing may be recommended by the Mayo pathologist to facilitate diagnosis. MeSH Li Y, Wei J, Mao X, Gao Q, Liu L, Cheng P, Liu L, Zhang X, Zhang K, Wang J, Zhu L, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Meng L, Sun H, Li D, Huang M, Huang W, Deng J, Zhang D. PLoS One. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase protein was detected in about 33% (3/9) of ALCLs examined by flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCI); expression was validated by immunohistochemical analysis. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping may be ordered when you have an increased number of lymphocytes (or sometimes an increase in another type of white blood cell, WBC), anemia, a decreased platelet count, or immature WBCs that are not normally seen in the blood. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Epub 2012 Sep 20. Bahler, D. (Updated 2011 February). and transmitted securely. Tietz Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 4th Edition: Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, MO. francis gray poet england services@everythingwellnessdpc.com (470)-604-9800 ; ashley peterson obituary Facebook. Cheriyedath, Susha. Accordingly, a score of 0.5, 1 or 2 was given when the value obtained for . An absolute CD8+ lymphocytosis correlates with disease progression and low expression of CD4 and CD8 (as found in autoimmune disease) The study was aimed to investigate the immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in order to provide an evidence for diagnosis and therapy. Tests for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL). It can detect normal cells as well as abnormal cells whose pattern of markers are typically seen with specific types of leukemia and lymphoma. Significantly, these morphologic and phenotypic features were seen irrespective of the presence of an overt lymphomatous pattern. 2. By junio 4, 2022 masonry pilaster details junio 4, 2022 masonry pilaster details Flow Cytometric Immunophenotyping Is Sensitive for the Early Diagnosis of De Novo Aggressive Natural Killer Cell Leukemia (ANKL): A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis. June 10, 2022 heart medicine dandelions and roundup. Available online at https://www.cancer.org/cancer/leukemia-in-children/detection-diagnosis-staging/how-diagnosed.html. Pp 1633-1711. Treatment of plasma cell neoplasms (including multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, and plasmacytoma) includes observation, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, stem cell rescue, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and supportive therapies. The blood of an older child or adult normally contains some mature B cells, but circulating immature B cells are not normally present. Br J Haematol. although diagnostic criteria are well established, a no immunophenotypic myeloid abnormalities were detected in the healthy donor bone marrow aspirates or in the 10 remission bone marrow aspirates from patients with a history of nonmyeloid neoplasia table 3, as mentioned, the immunophenotypic panels used evolved during the study, and not all The translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) was detected by conventional chromosomal analysis in 59 patients (91%) the Ph-positive ALL cohort. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. bumgarner funeral home obituaries no immunophenotypic abnormalities detected. Verbal Irony In Romeo And Juliet Act 2. 2016 Aug 2;11(8):e0158827. Kanwar, V. et. CD56 (26.0%) and CD7 (20.8%) were the most commonly expressed lymphoid markers in AML patients. A laboratory report will typically include specific results from the tests as well as an analysis of what those results mean. Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report: Cheriyedath, Susha. Category filter: Show All (140)Most Common (2)Technology (21)Government & Military (34)Science & Medicine (22)Business (30)Organizations (68)Slang / Jargon (8) Acronym Definition NSA National Security Agency (US government) NSA Naval Support Activity NSA National Speakers Association NSA No Strings Attached NSA Naczelny Sad Administracyjny (Polish . Send whole blood specimen in original tube. Leuk Res. . Furthermore, these findings can also be seen I got thre results today, which were "no significant abnormalities". Accessed April 2011. "What is Immunophenotyping?". What is Immunophenotyping?. Blood Journal v111 (8) [On-line information]. Immunophenotypic features of acute myeloid leukemia with inv(3)(q21q26.2)/t(3;3)(q21;q26.2). She just said I needed another pap in 6 months. Seiter, K. (2018 July 17, Updated). Currently, the diagnosis of ANKL remains challenging. If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send 1 of the following forms with the specimen: Specimens will be initially triaged to determine which, if any, of. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is an extremely heterogeneous disease and prognostic factors such as chromosomal abnormalities are important predictors of time to first treatment and survival. This technique helps identify the lineage. Immunocytochemistry is, however, limited by the quality and number of smears as one antibody is applied to one smear. Immunophenotypic analysis is an established tool in the diagnosis and classification of many hematolymphoid disorders; however, the role of flow cytometry (FC) in detecting bone marrow involvement during the staging of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has yet to be defined. This form enables patients to ask specific questions about lab tests. Medscape Pediatrics: General Medicine. Its performance characteristics were determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. Additional FISH or molecular testing may be recommended by the Mayo pathologist to facilitate diagnosis. Bronchoalveolar lavage specimens submitted for evaluation for leukemia or lymphoma are appropriate to send for this test. Ngan BY, Picker LJ, Medeiros LJ, Warnke RA. Anders PM, Montgomery ND, Montgomery SA, Bhatt AP, Dittmer DP, Damania B. J Clin Invest. In this case report of a child with mosaic T21 and DS-AMKL, flow cytometry performed on BMA showed no immunophenotypic abnormalities, morphological review of BMA revealed no clusters of tumor cells, and BMA failed to show the expected GATA1 mutation. These abnormalities were related to immunophenotypic markers as This study prospectively analysed the relationships between immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features of blast cells in 432 acute non-lymphoblastic leukemias (ANLL) at presentation. This finding confirms the varied pathogenetic mechanisms leading to hemophagocytosis, and prompts further . 1. There is increasing evidence of T cell dysfunction in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) which may contribute to the aetiology and progress of the disease. Leukemia & Lymphoma Society [On-line information]. 2020 Oct 13;4(19):4788-4797. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002049. -TCL-1 break-apart at 14q32, to exclude T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia in cases with CD4-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (phenotypic aberrancy or very tight CD4+ population with high CD4:CD8 ratio). It can detect normal cells as well as abnormal cells whose pattern of markers are typically seen with specific types of leukemia and lymphoma. government site. D20S108 (20q12), used to detect deletion/copy number abnormalities of chromosome 20, reveals an abnormal hybridization pattern consistent with deletion 20q12 in 12 of 200 analyzed nuclei. Leukemia Acute Lymphocytic (Adults). National Cancer Institute [On-line information]. No immunophenotypic myeloid abnormalities were detected in the healthy donor bone marrow aspirates or in the 10 remission bone marrow aspirates from patients with a history of nonmyeloid neoplasia (Table 3). This triage panel also determines if there is an increase in the number of T cells that aberrantly coexpress CD16, an immunophenotypic feature of T-cell granular lymphocytic leukemia. This technique helps identify the lineage of cells using antibodies that detect markers or antigens on the cells, hence the immuno- prefix. An official website of the United States government. Additional FISH or molecular testing may be recommended by the Mayo pathologist to facilitate diagnosis. Am J Med Sci. The antigens on specific leukemia or lymphoma cells may remain the same over time. Rahul E, Ningombam A, Acharya S, Tanwar P, Ranjan A, Chopra A. Accessed December 2014. Specimens will be initially triaged to determine which, if any, of the immunophenotyping panels should be performed. The results may also be used to predict how aggressive the cancer will be and/or whether it will respond to certain treatment. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158827. American Cancer Society. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted The percentage and pattern of cells staining for CD34, TdT, and PAX5 . Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals [On-line information]. Recenti Prog Med. Mayo Clinic Staff (2010 November 24). This technique also helps identify or confirm the cell of origin in non-hematopoietic neoplasia. (2013 December 11). Understanding Laboratory Tests. Large granular lymphocytic leukemia: a brief review. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Cancers (Basel). Korean J Lab Med. with these terms and conditions. Accessed December 2014. Specimen Stability Information: Ambient/Refrigerated < or =96 hours, Slides: If possible, include 5 to 10 unstained bone marrow aspirate smears labeled with two unique identifiers. Specific features were seen in five ANLL entities: M0 or M1/B lineage antigen positivity/t(9;22) or del(11)(q23); M2/CD13-/t(8;21); M4/CD13+, CD34+, CD36+/inv(16); M4 or M5/lack of B lineage antigen/del(11)(q23) or t(9;11). sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Underexpression of TdT and CD79a were the most frequent abnormalities. [On-line information]. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Wu, A. Available online at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3409649/. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the [Aggressive natural killer cell leukemia/lymphoma--possible existence of a new clinical entity originating from the third lineage of lymphoid cells]. American Cancer Society [On-line information]. Front Immunol. Would you like email updates of new search results? Available online at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003518.htm. The site is secure. The type of sample to be tested is up to your healthcare practitioner and must be representative of your cancer. eCollection 2019. Second, unusual expression of surface antigens in ANKL cells was a prominent feature. 2. A bone marrow sample may be collected from the hip bone by a trained health care practitioner (Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy). The results from your immunophenotyping are compared to the pattern of antigens for normal cells as well as to patterns that are associated with abnormal cells (e.g., cells present with leukemias and lymphomas). ( 19952011). These newer treatments may have reduced side effects compared to conventional chemotherapy (newer targeted therapies are usually added to traditional chemotherapy). Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Earlier studies demonstrated that flow cytometric abnormalities are detected in multiple lineages (3-6) and correlate with morphology and cytogenetics (4,6). In general, these criteria involved identification of abnormal expression or loss of antigens in B- and T-lineage populations. 2022 Feb 15;12(1):17-32. eCollection 2022. Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection progresses to aggressive NK cell leukemia with a poor prognosis. ( 2011). 3. Your health care practitioner will consider the flow cytometry immunophenotyping results together with your clinical history, physical examination, signs and symptoms, as well as all laboratory tests to help make a diagnosis. the immunophenotyping panels should be performed. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping evaluates individual cells in suspension for the presence and absence of specific antigens (phenotype). She always had a keen interest in medical and health science. CSF cytology was negative for malignant cells. 1989 May;91(5):579-83. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/91.5.579. Aggressive natural killer (NK) cell leukemia (ANKL) is a systemic neoplastic proliferation of NK cells with an aggressive clinical course. The immunophenotype of adult acute myeloid leukemia: high frequency of lymphoid antigen expression and comparison of immunophenotype, French-American-British classification, and karyotypic abnormalities. No evidence of ATM (11q22.3) deletion. The volume of fluid necessary to phenotype the lymphocytes or blasts in serous effusions depends upon the cell count in the specimen. Understanding Lab and Imaging Tests. Sometimes, however, the cancer cells adapt to evade the therapy by not expressing anymore an antigen that they expressed earlier, which might have been targeted by a monoclonal antibody or other therapy, like CAR T-cells. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Submit only 1 of the following specimens: Preferred: Yellow top (ACD solution A or B), Acceptable: Green top (sodium heparin) or lavender top (EDTA), Slides: If possible, include 5 to 10 unstained blood smears labeled with two unique identifiers. Abnormal Reports, SI Normal Reports |
If no abnormalities are detected by the initial panel, no further flow cytometric assessment will be performed unless otherwise indicated by specific features of the clinical presentation or prior laboratory results. Morphologic evaluation and flow cytometric immunophenotypic analysis revealed no evidence of plasma cell neoplasm involving the BM. More importantly, there are newer classes of treatment options like CAR-T therapy, bispecific T-cell engagers, and monoclonal antibodies thatselectively target molecules like CD19 or CD20. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. (Updated 2014 March 23). (FNA09-1171; 9/30/09): No monotypic B cell population, phenotypically abnormal T cell population, or blast cell population detected. The triage panel is initially performed to evaluate for monotypic B cells by kappa and lambda light chain expression, increased numbers of blast cells by CD34 and CD45 expression along with side scatter gating, and increased plasma cells by CD45 expression and side scatter gating. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping is used primarily to help diagnose and classify blood cell cancers (leukemias and lymphomas) and to help guide their treatment. While some antigens are found only on one type of cell, others are found on different types. Co-expression of L60 (Leu-22) and L26 antigens correlates with malignant histologic findings. In the present study, we describe both quantitative and qualitative immunophenotypic abnormalities involving BM B-cells in MDS patients. (Blood cells normally mature in the bone marrow and are released into circulation when they are mature or nearly mature.) Patients with full expression of panmyeloid phenotype expressed all five myeloid markers, had a higher complete remission rate, and were significantly different in overall and disease-free survival than those whose expressed <5 of the myeloid markers. Cytogenetic FISH Studies: -CCND1/IGH translocation t(11;14), to exclude mantle cell lymphoma in cases of CD5+CD23- B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. Cancer Immunol Immunother. Of 19 . Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Immunophenotypic and antigen receptor gene rearrangement analysis in T cell neoplasia. (Keren D, McCoy JP, Carey J: Flow Cytometry in Clinical Diagnosis. Imamura N, Kusunoki Y, Oda K, Abe K, Dohi H, Inada T, Kuramoto A, Kajihara H, Fujii H, Kawa K, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Accessed April 2011. Body fluid samples are obtained through collection of the fluid in a container or by inserting a needle into the body cavity and aspirating a portion of the fluid with a syringe. http://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?cdrid=341450, http://www.nature.com/leu/journal/v20/n7/full/2404242a.html, http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/96/3/870?sso-checked=true. News-Medical.Net provides this medical information service in accordance
(2019 January 3, Updated). 7 In summary, blasts of AMoL can be. The markers (antigens) that are present on the cells as detected by flow cytometry immunophenotyping will help characterize the cells present. MeSH terms Chromosome Aberrations Acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) are hematologic malignancies with varied molecular and immunophenotypic profiles, making them difficult to diagnose and classify. I just had a colposcopy done to follow up on an ASCUS pap with high risk HPV. ( 2006). This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. info@integrityaesthetic.ph. Williams and Wilkins Inc; 1994:939-969, 3. -, Blood. The prognostic value of immunophenotyping in AML is controversial [ 3]. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Accessed January 2020. The granulocytes (67% of the total white blood cells) and monocytes (5% of the total white blood cells) reveal no significant immunophenotypic abnormalities. An interpretation of the immunophenotypic findings and correlation with the morphologic features will be provided by a hematopathologist for every case. If no abnormalities are detected by the initial panel, no further flow cytometric assessment will be performed unless otherwise indicated by specific features of the clinical presentation or prior laboratory results. If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send 1 of the following forms with the specimen: -Hematopathology/Cytogenetics Test Request (T726). J Immunol. Aggressive NK Cell Leukemia: Current State of the Art. . Hu X, Yang Y, Chen L, Wan Y, Sheng L, Bao Y, Zheng M. Am J Transl Res. These antigens are protein structures found on or within WBCs. An additional complicating factor is antigenic shift, 13 , 20 although the number of cases in which immunophenotypically aberrant blasts convert to an . The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). 2022. News-Medical. CD34 cells can be detected in cord blood, bone marrow and in the peripheral blood of normal subjects, where they constitute respectively about 1.5% and 0.1-0.01% of the elements . Immunophenotyping, a common application in flow cytometry, allows multiple cell surface markers to be simultaneously characterized on a per-cell basis.Immunophenotyping can be difficult by flow cytometry, however, when only a small number of cells are available. Immunophenotyping, a common application in flow cytometry, allows multiple cell surface markers to be simultaneously characterized on a per-cell basis.Immunophenotyping can be difficult by flow cytometry, however, when only a small number of cells are available. Conclusion: Only 5 similar cases have been described previously. Diagnosis of leukemia or lymphoma is based on the visual examination of a blood smear and/or bone marrow biopsy and aspiration for the presence of certain cell types. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is an extremely heterogeneous disease and prognostic factors such as chromosomal abnormalities are important predictors of time to first treatment and survival. [Importance of cytogenetics in the study of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemias]. Sometimes pieces of the abnormal myeloma protein are filtered through the kidney into the urine. The results of this study were compared with other clinical and biological features. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Disclaimer. Most of the antigens that flow cytometry immunophenotyping detects are identified by a CD (clusters of differentiation or cluster designation) number. Accessed January 2020. . No significant immunophenotypic abnormality was detected by flow cytometry. 3. (Revised 2012). Immunophenotypic characterization of the leukemic cells has been widely used as a tool for diagnosis, classification and prognosis of leukaemia. 8600 Rockville Pike 2019 Aug 6;9:713. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00713. Upper endoscopy revealed a neoplastic growth at . National Library of Medicine Morphologic evaluation and flow cytometric immunophenotypic analysis revealed no evidence of plasma cell neoplasm involving the BM. PMC An abnormal plasma cell population is detected that is positive for CD38, and CD56. Atypical cells can change back to normal cells if the underlying cause is removed or resolved. "What is Immunophenotyping?". Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is defined as a laboratory abnormality where small (<5 x 10(9)/L) clonal B-cell populations are detected in the peripheral blood of otherwise healthy subjects. Blood. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Mosbys Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 10th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO. The results may also be used to predict how aggressive the cancer will be and/or whether it will respond to certain treatment. between patient and physician/doctor and the medical advice they may provide. 1985 May;134(5):2995-3002 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Nat Rev Immunol v12 (3): 191200. Accessed December 2014. low reading R03.1 . It may be because the markers of interest are not available for flow cytometryor because fresh cells or tissue are not available (a requirement for flow cytometry immunophenotyping). 88184-Flow cytometry; first cell surface, cytoplasmic or nuclear marker x 1, 88185-Flow cytometry; additional cell surface, cytoplasmic or nuclear marker (each), 88187-Flow Cytometry Interpretation, 2 to 8 Markers (if appropriate), 88188-Flow Cytometry Interpretation, 9 to 15 Markers (if appropriate), 88189-Flow Cytometry Interpretation, 16 or More Markers (if appropriate), Normal Reports |
No significant immunophenotypic abnormality was detected by flow cytometry. First, the CD45/linear side scatter gating of flow cytometry allows the initial identification of neoplastic subpopulations for additional immunophenotypic analysis in half of ANKL cases. -, N Engl J Med. Classification of MDS patients according to the patterns of expression of multiple. The volume of fluid necessary to phenotype the lymphocytes or blasts in spinal fluid depends upon the cell count in the specimen. al. In these cases, LSC analysis is a methodology of choice because of its low sample requirements. Shi M, Ternus JA, Ketterling RP, et al: Immunophenotypic and laboratory features of t(11;14)(q13;q32)-positive plasma cell neoplasms. Leukemia/Lymphoma Immunophenotyping by Flow Cytometry. Am J Clin Pathol. Disclaimer. Compilation of the top interviews, articles, and news in the last year. Am J Med. For assistance, contact. (+632) 7110427 | (+632) 7110383 Integrity Aesthetic Building, 788 Banawe Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines info@integrityaesthetic.ph Abnormal spacing of fully erupted tooth or teeth NOS; Displacement of fully erupted tooth or teeth NOS; Transposition of fully erupted . Leukemic myeloblasts expressed many leukocyte differentiation antigens, thus reflecting association with myeloid lineage and maturation level. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. These tests may suggest lymphoma or leukemia, but more information is generally needed to confirm a diagnosis and to identify a specific type of leukemia or lymphoma. Submission of bilateral specimens is not required. (2018 March 12). To help diagnose and classify a leukemia or lymphoma; to help guide treatment; to aid in determining prognosis; to detect and evaluate leukemia or lymphoma cells that remain after treatment or at disease relapse, When you have signs and symptoms that a health care practitioner thinks may be due to leukemia or lymphoma; to help classify the type of leukemia or lymphoma, identify treatment options, and predict the likely course of the disease; to evaluate whether treatment has been effective or detect disease that remains or comes back after treatment (relapse or recurrence). 2010 Sep;34(9):1235-1238. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.03.020, 2. Maturation-associated immunophenotypic abnormalities in bone marrow Background: Atypical lymphocytosis is a common peripheral blood abnormality seen not only in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated acute infectious mononucleosis but also in other conditions, including other viral infections, cancer, immune . 1990 Oct;81(10):629-34. Objectives: To report aberrant myeloblasts detected by flow cytometry immunophenotypic studies in an asymptomatic patient with familial platelet disorder with propensity to myeloid malignancy, a rare autosomal dominant disease caused by germline heterozygous mutations in Runt-related transcription factor 1. JAMA Patient Page V301 (4) [On-line information]. Furthermore, abnormal T-cell populations can be detected by using a panel of antibodies; . lindalay. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping is of great value to diagnosis of natural killer cell neoplasms involving bone marrow and peripheral blood. The triage panel also includes antibodies to assess the number of CD3-positive T cells and CD16-positive/CD3-negative natural killer (NK) cells present.
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